The Triceps Brachii

About the Triceps Brachii

The triceps brachii is the large muscle at the back of the upper arm. It has three portions—the long, lateral, and medial heads—that work together primarily to straighten the elbow. The long head also assists with movement and stability at the shoulder.

Trigger points may develop when the triceps is repeatedly overloaded during pushing, throwing, lifting, or activities that require forceful elbow straightening. Different areas of the muscle may produce somewhat different referred-pain patterns.

Triceps Brachii Referred Pain and Related Symptoms

Trigger points in the triceps brachii may refer discomfort to the back of the shoulder, the back of the upper arm, or around the elbow. In some people, discomfort may extend into the back of the forearm or toward the fourth and fifth fingers.

• Tenderness or aching in the back of the upper arm.
• Discomfort in the back of the shoulder.
• Pain around the point or outer side of the elbow.
• Discomfort that may extend down the back of the forearm.
• Pain or fatigue when pushing or straightening the elbow.

These symptoms may resemble those associated with the shoulder joint, rotator cuff, triceps tendon, tennis elbow, golfer's elbow, or irritated nerves. A referred-pain pattern can provide a useful clue, but it cannot confirm the cause of pain.

The image above shows possible locations of triceps brachii trigger points and referred discomfort.

What May Contribute to Triceps Brachii Trigger Points?

• Repeated pushing, throwing, or forceful elbow straightening.
• Strength exercises such as dips, push-ups, or triceps extensions.
• Supporting body weight through the arms for long periods.
• Repetitive overhead work or sports.
• A sudden increase in shoulder exercise or activity.
• Insufficient recovery between demanding activities.

How to Help Prevent Triceps Brachii Trigger Points from Returning

• Increase pushing, throwing, and arm exercise gradually.
• Take breaks from repetitive pushing or overhead movements.
• Keep loads close to your body when lifting or carrying.
• Use comfortable shoulder positioning during work and exercise.
• Warm up before demanding shoulder activity.
• Allow enough recovery time between demanding activities.

Pay attention to activities or positions that repeatedly bring back your symptoms. Reducing or modifying the aggravating movement may be as important as massaging the tender area.